Countries in East Asia and Pacific (EAP), especially China, are significant emitters of carbon dioxide (CO2)—and their emissions continue to grow (refer to figure O.1). Progress has been uneven, but the region has committed to gradual decarbonization and improved energy efficiency in recent years (refer to figure O.2). But, as in much of the rest of the world, the current pace of emissions reductions may fail to meet both global climate needs and countries’ own commitments. This slow progress is a concern for EAP countries, because they are among the most exposed to the disastrous consequences of climate change.